This article addresses the question of the position of the masses in the architecture of the New Islamic Civilization by reexamining the role of the “Ummi generation.” Moving beyond the conventional understanding of ummi as mere illiteracy, the study reconceptualizes it as a symbol of non-textual knowledge and agency rooted in the innate purity of human nature. By proposing an analytical model, the article argues that the divine fitrah (primordial human disposition), as a driving force, activates the civilizational capacity of this generation along two distinct trajectories. The first is the path of individual “practical wisdom,” in which sincerity and self-purification culminate in intuitive knowledge and moral influence within society. The second is the path of “collective action,” wherein the sound disposition of the masses, in conjunction with divinely guided leadership, gives rise to public insight and history-shaping movements, such as the Islamic Revolution. The principal finding of the research is that the Ummi generation, by virtue of its rootedness in the fitrah, is not a marginal element but rather the very “foundation” and “principle” of the New Islamic Civilization. Recognizing this position is an indispensable prerequisite for the realization of an authentic and people-centered civilization.